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Manuela Sáenz

Ecuadorian revolutionary heroine (1797–1856)

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Sáenz de Vergara and the second or maternal family name is Aizpuru.

Manuela Sáenz

Libertadora del Libertador
wearing the Order of the Sun medal

In role
17 June 1822 – 4 May 1830
PresidentSimón Bolívar
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byJuana Jurado Bertendona
In role
10 February 1824 – 28 January 1827
PresidentSimón Bolívar
Preceded byMariana Carcelén
Succeeded byFrancisca Cernadas
In role
12 August – 29 December 1825
PresidentSimón Bolívar
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byMariana Carcelén
Born

Manuela Sáenz de Vergara y Aizpuru


(1797-12-27)27 December 1797
Quito, Viceroyalty of New Granada
Died28 September 1856(1856-09-28) (aged 58)
Paita, Peru
SpouseJames Thorne (married 1817 – estranged 1822)
Domestic partnerSimón Bolívar (1822–1830)
OccupationRevolutionary and spy
Signature

Manue

Manuela Sáenz de Thorne

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Other names/titles:
Gender: F
Ethnic origin:Mestizo/a

Biographical details

She was the illegitimate daughter of a Spanish father (Simón Sáenz de Vergara) and a mestiza mother (María de Aispuru). Her year of birth is variously given as 1793, 1795, or 1797. She received some education in a convent. She married Jaime Thorne in 1817. They went to Lima in 1819, returning to Quito in April 1822. She was among the women of Quito who collaborated with the patriot army, finding supplies and food for the troops. On 16 July 1822 she threw a laurel crown to Bolívar from her balcony. Bolívar is said to have seen her as "la primera mujer capaz de montar a caballo como él, hábil en el manejo de las armas y versada en Tácito y en Plutarco." She accompanied the army to Junín, where she tended the injured, dressed in a captain's uniform. Jiménez claims that she fought beside Sucre at the battle of Ayacucho. She became Bolívar's secretary and

World-Changing Women: Manuela Sáenz

Manuela Sáenz1797 - 1856South AmericaRevolutionary Politics

Portrait of Manuela Saenz. In the early nineteenth-century, South America witnessed a series of wars and rebellions as Spanish American patriots fought to liberate their countries from Spanish colonialism.  Until recently, histories written about these events largely focused on the male protagonists and, where Manuela Sáenz has been mentioned at all, it has tended to be as Simón Bolívar’s lover. However, she was a political operator in her own right and rose to the rank of general in Bolivar's rebel army.

Sáenz was born outside of marriage and was raised in a convent. Following her own marriage she lived in Lima where she mixed in society, meeting military officers and becoming well informed about the revolutions taking place in Latin America against Spanish rule.  A rebel sympathizer, she joined the conspiracy to liberate Lima and Peru. By the time that she left her husband and met Bolívar on her return to her home town, Quito, she was already a reco

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